AUTHOR=Wu Junbo , Zhang Honghua , Wang Yuying , Yin Gaofeng , Li Qien , Zhuo Linsheng , Chen Hongjin , Wang Zhen 

TITLE=From tryptamine to the discovery of efficient multi-target directed ligands against cholinesterase-associated neurodegenerative disorders

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1036030

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2022.1036030

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p>A novel class of benzyl-free and benzyl-substituted carbamylated tryptamine derivatives (CDTs) was designed and synthesized to serve as effective building blocks for the development of novel multi-target directed ligands (MTDLs) for the treatment of neurological disorders linked to cholinesterase (ChE) activity. The majority of them endowed butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) with more substantial inhibition potency than acetylcholinesterase (AChE), according to the full study of ChE inhibition. Particularly, hybrids with dibenzyl groups (<bold>2b-2f</bold>, <bold>2j</bold>, <bold>2o</bold>, and <bold>2q</bold>) showed weak or no neuronal toxicity and hepatotoxicity and single-digit nanomolar inhibitory effects against BuChE. Through molecular docking and kinetic analyses, the potential mechanism of action on BuChE was first investigated. <italic>In vitro</italic> H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-induced HT-22 cells assay demonstrated the favorable neuroprotective potency of <bold>2g</bold>, <bold>2h</bold>, <bold>2j</bold>, <bold>2m</bold>, <bold>2o</bold>, and <bold>2p</bold>. Besides, <bold>2g</bold>, <bold>2h</bold>, <bold>2j</bold>, <bold>2m</bold>, <bold>2o</bold>, and <bold>2p</bold> endowed good antioxidant activities and COX-2 inhibitory effects. This study suggested that this series of hybrids can be applied to treat various ChE-associated neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), as well as promising building blocks for further structure modification to develop efficient MTDLs.</p>