AUTHOR=Yao Bangtao , Wang Fei , Zhao Xiaogui , Wang Bei , Yue Xiaoli , Ding Yuhua , Liu Gang 

TITLE=Effect of a Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (0.1% Pranoprofen) on VEGF and COX-2 Expression in Primary Pterygium

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.709251

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2021.709251

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Purpose:</bold> To evaluate the effect of a topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (0.1% pranoprofen) on the expression of VEGF and Cox-2 in primary pterygium.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> This was a prospective, randomized study. Between January 2019 and April 2020, 120 patients diagnosed with primary pterygium were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups before operation: 1) 40 patients in group 1 received topical pranoprofen 0.1% four times daily for 4 weeks, 2) 40 patients in group 2 received topical fluorometholone 0.1% four times daily for 4 weeks, and 3) patients in group 3 did not receive treatment. For each group, the age, sex, eye type, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), duration of onset, combined systemic diseases, and the results regarding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cyclo-oxygen-ase-2 (COX-2) in postoperative pterygial tissues were evaluated in detail.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> There were no significant differences regarding age, sex, eye type, combined systemic diseases, duration of onset, IOP, and BCVA within the three groups (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05). The reduction of VEGF and CoX-2 expression of pterygial vascular endothelial cells in group 1 were statistically significant compared to group 2 and group 3 (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). There were significant correlations between COX-2 and VEGF expression of pterygial tissues within the three groups (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05).</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> The present findings suggested that the topical pranoprofen 0.1% could reduce the expression of VEGF and COX-2 in primary pterygium. We confirmed that treatment with pranoprofen offers advantages in early intervention and has therapeutic potential in reducing the postoperative recurrence of primary pterygium patients.</p><p><bold>Clinical Trial registration</bold>: The study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry. (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx</ext-link>, Registration Number: ChiCTR2100047726).</p>