AUTHOR=Cavalcante Giani Maria , Camara Celso Amorim , Silva Eva Monica Sarmento Da , Santos Mariana Silva , Leite Anderson Brandão , Queiroz Aline Cavalcanti , Evelyn Da Silva Amanda , Araújo Morgana Vital , Alexandre-Moreira Magna Suzana , Silva Tania Maria Sarmento 

TITLE=Leismanicidal Activity of Propolis Collected in the Semiarid Region of Brazil

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.702032

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2021.702032

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Objective:</bold> The aim of the current study is to investigate the chemical composition, cytotoxic effect, and leishmanicidal activity of propolis collected in the semi-arid region of Bahia, Brazil.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> EtOH extract, hexane, EtOAc and MeOH fractions from propolis were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The identification was based on the exact mass, general fragmentation behaviors and UV absorption of the flavonoids. The <italic>in vitro</italic> cytotoxic effect and leishmanicidal activity of ethanolic extract, hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanolic fractions of propolis were evaluated.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Five triterpenes and twenty-four flavonoids were identified. The propolis did not present toxicity to the host cell up to the maximum concentration tested. In addition, all tested samples showed statistically significant activity against promastigotes of <italic>Leishmania chagasi</italic> and <italic>Leishmania amazonensis.</italic> Regarding the activity against amastigote forms of <italic>L. amazonensis</italic>, the hexane fraction, presented statistically significant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> of 1.3 ± 0.1 μg/ml.</p><p><bold>Conclusion:</bold> The results support the idea that propolis can be used for future antileishmania studies.</p>