AUTHOR=Li Xiang , Tang Xiaonan , Wang Yufei , Chai Changwei , Zhao Zhehui , Zhang Haijing , Peng Ying , Wu Lianqiu 

TITLE=CS-semi5 Inhibits NF-κB Activation to Block Synovial Inflammation, Cartilage Loss and Bone Erosion Associated With Collagen-Induced Arthritis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.655101

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2021.655101

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease that affects 1% of the population. CS-semi5 is a semisynthetic chondroitin sulfate. In this study, CS-semi5 was shown to have positive effects on a model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). CS-semi5 treatment had obvious effects on weight loss and paw swelling in CIA mice. Post-treatment analysis revealed that CS-semi5 alleviated three main pathologies (i.e., synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion and bone loss) in a dose-dependent manner. Further study showed that CS-semi5 could effectively reduce TNF‐α and IL‐1β production in activated macrophages <italic>via</italic> the NF‐κB pathway. CS-semi5 also blocked RANKL-trigged osteoclast differentiation from macrophages. Therefore, CS-semi5 may effectively ameliorate synovial inflammation, cartilage erosion and bone loss in RA through NF-κB deactivation.</p>