AUTHOR=Pereira Joedna Cavalcante , Figueiredo Indyra Alencar Duarte , de Oliveira Filipe Rodolfo Moreira Borges , Ferreira Sarah Rebeca Dantas , Aires Moreno Giulyane Targino , da Silva Tania Maria Sarmento , Pinheiro Ulisses dos Santos , Santos Barbara Viviana de Oliveira , da Silva Bagnólia Araújo , Cavalcante Fabiana de Andrade 

TITLE=Oceanapia magna Sponge Presents Dual Effect on the Gastrointestinal Motility of Rodents: In Vitro and In Vivo Assays

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2020

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2020.572574

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2020.572574

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><italic>Oceanapia magna</italic> Santos-Neto, Nascimento, Cavalcanti and Pinheiro sponges are distributed across tropical worldwide seas. Some studies of marine products have shown interesting activities in smooth muscle models. Hence, we assessed the effect of the ethanolic extract of <italic>Oceanapia magna</italic>. (OC-EtOH) on acute toxicity and gastrointestinal motility (<italic>in vitro</italic> and <italic>in vivo</italic>) in rodent models. On guinea pig ileum, OC-EtOH induced a concentration dependent contraction on basal tonus, which was not inhibited by atropine, but in the presence of pyrilamine or verapamil, the effect was antagonized. Contrastingly, on KCl- or histamine-induced contractions, OC-EtOH presented a transient contraction followed by a concentration-dependent relaxation. Moreover, OC-EtOH presented a relaxant profile on cumulative curves to CaCl<sub>2</sub> and tonic contraction induced by S-(-)-BayK8644, through Cav blockade. The acute toxicity assay showed that OC-EtOH (2,000 mg/kg, p.o.) did not present any sign of toxicity in female mice. Additionally, OC-EtOH presented antidiarrheal effect in mice, increased the intestinal normal transit and reduced the castor oil-induced intestinal transit. Thus, OC-EtOH presented a dual effect on guinea pig ileum promoting contraction through activation of H<sub>1</sub> and Ca<sub>V</sub>, and relaxation through Ca<sub>V</sub> blockade, besides the effect on upper gastrointestinal transit in mice, showing a potential medicinal use of this sponge in intestinal diseases such as diarrhea.</p>