AUTHOR=Rajamanickam Karthic , Yang Jian , Sakharkar Meena Kishore 

TITLE=A Novel Antimicrobial–Phytochemical Conjugate With Antimicrobial Activity Against Streptococcus uberis, Enterococcus faecium, and Enterococcus faecalis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2019.01405

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2019.01405

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p>Antimicrobial resistance is one of the major threats to human and animal health. An effective strategy to reduce and/or delay antimicrobial resistance is to use combination therapies. Research in our laboratory has been focused on combination therapies of antimicrobials and phytochemicals and development of antimicrobial–phytochemical conjugates. In this study, we report the synthesis and antimicrobial activity of a novel sulfamethoxazole–gallic acid conjugate compound (Hybrid 1). Hybrid 1 not only showed much stronger activity than sulfamethoxazole towards <italic>Streptococcus uberis</italic> 19436, <italic>Enterococcus faecium</italic> 700221, and <italic>Enterococcus faecalis</italic> 29212, which were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), but also exhibited a promising antimicrobial effect against two <italic>E. faecalis</italic> clinical isolates, one of which was multidrug-resistant. Further studies are warranted to establish the <italic>in vivo</italic> antimicrobial activity for Hybrid 1 and develop more potent sulfamethoxazole–gallic acid-based antimicrobial conjugates using hybrid 1 as a lead compound.</p>