AUTHOR=Li Zhaoliang , Zhao Liang , Yu Leilei , Yang Jie 

TITLE=Head-to-Head Comparison of the Hypoglycemic Efficacy and Safety Between Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors and α-Glucosidase Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=10

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2019.00777

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2019.00777

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Background:</bold> The α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs) are commonly prescribed in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but with a high incidence of gastrointestinal side effects. This study was aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors and AGIs in T2DM patients in a meta-analysis.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> Randomized controlled trials were identified <italic>via</italic> systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane’s Library databases from inception to February, 2019. Meta-analyses were performed <italic>via</italic> a random or a fixed effect model according to the heterogeneity.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> Eighteen studies with a total of 4,051 patients with T2DM were included. The DPP4 inhibitors were associated with lower reduction of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as compared with AGIs [weighed mean difference (WMD): −0.37%, <italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.001]. Subgroup analyses indicated that the benefit of DPP4 inhibitors as compared with AGIs on HbA1c were independent of study design, scale, baseline HbA1c, with or without concurrent medications, or follow-up durations. Moreover, compared to AGIs, DPP4 inhibitors was associated with lower reductions of fasting blood glucose (WMD: −0.53 mmol/L, <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001) and postprandial glucose at 2h (WMD: −0.60 mmol/L, <italic>P</italic> = 0.04), moderately increased body weight (WMD: 0.34 kg, <italic>P</italic> = 0.02), and decreased risk of gastrointestinal adverse events [risk ratio (RR): 0.48, <italic>P</italic> &lt; 0.001], but unaffected risk of symptomatic hypoglycemia (RR: 0.96, <italic>P</italic> = 0.90).</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> The DPP4 inhibitors are superior to AGIs in T2DM patients for better glycemic control and lower risks of gastrointestinal side effects.</p>