AUTHOR=El Boustani Maguie , De Stefano Lucia , Caligiuri Isabella , Mouawad Nayla , Granchi Carlotta , Canzonieri Vincenzo , Tuccinardi Tiziano , Giordano Antonio , Rizzolio Flavio 

TITLE=A Guide to PIN1 Function and Mutations Across Cancers

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pharmacology

VOLUME=9

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pharmacology/articles/10.3389/fphar.2018.01477

DOI=10.3389/fphar.2018.01477

ISSN=1663-9812

ABSTRACT=<p>PIN1 is a member of a family of peptidylprolyl isomerases that bind phosphoproteins and catalyze the rapid <italic>cis</italic>–<italic>trans</italic> isomerization of proline peptidyl bonds, resulting in an alteration of protein structure, function, and stability. PIN1 is overexpressed in human cancers, suggesting it promotes tumorigenesis, but depending on the cellular context, it also acts as a tumor suppressor. Here, we review the role of PIN1 in cancer and the regulation of PIN1 expression, and catalog the single nucleotide polymorphisms, and mutations in <italic>PIN1</italic> gene associated with cancer. In addition, we provide a 3D model of the protein to localize the mutated residues.</p>