Exploring Long-Term Psychological Effects of Bronchiolitis and Flu in School-Aged Children

PANKAJ SONI ^1,2* Jenny Cheriathu ³

• ¹ Specialist Pediatrician, Department of Neonatology Thumbay University Hospital, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
• ² Clinical Lecturer Department of Clinical Sciences (Pediatric Neonatology) College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
• ³ Specialist Pediatrician and Lecturer, Thumbay University Hospital, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

This systematic review assessed the long-term psychological effects of severe respiratory infections-namely, bronchiolitis and influenza-in school-aged children (5-12 years). Several studies that were included in this review reported increased risks of anxiety disorders, depression and attention deficit among those with severe respiratory infections in early childhood. Additionally, studies with prolonged follow-up periods often reported a higher incidence of psychological morbidity in children. However, some studies did not detect significant long-term adverse effects, implying that timely interventions and supportive care may minimise negative psychological outcomes. This review underscores the necessity of mental health support following respiratory infections in children, highlights the need for further research on the biological and psychosocial pathways linking respiratory illnesses to psychological outcomes, and emphasises the value of multidisciplinary treatment strategies for children with such comorbidities. The findings of this review provide insights for healthcare practitioners, policymakers and researchers to consider strategies aimed at improving the outcomes of respiratory illnesses in affected children.