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CASE REPORT article

Front. Pediatr.
Sec. Pediatric Oncology
Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1529833
This article is part of the Research Topic Diagnosis and Therapy Pediatric Hematological Malignancies - Recent Progress - Volume II View all articles

Coexistence of Rosai-Dorfman disease and B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in An Adolescent

Provisionally accepted
Alireza Jenabzadeh Alireza Jenabzadeh 1Fariba Binesh Fariba Binesh 1Amirpasha Amel Shahbaz Amirpasha Amel Shahbaz 1Samin Alavi Samin Alavi 2*
  • 1 Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Yazd, Iran
  • 2 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Rosai-Dorfman Disease (RDD) is an unusual, non-malignant proliferative disorder involving non-Langerhans cell histiocytes, characterized by a wide range of clinical presentations and distinctive atypical morphological patterns. The concurrent manifestation of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) alongside RDD is exceptionally rare. Here, we present the case of a 14-year-old male diagnosed with ALL who, during the consolidation phase of chemotherapy, developed multifocal bone, dural, and liver lesions, as confirmed through CT and MRI imaging. Histopathological evaluation of the bone and liver lesions identified features consistent with Rosai-Dorfman Disease. To the best of our knowledge, this case represents the first reported instance of RDD co-occurring with high-risk pre-B-cell ALL in an adolescent undergoing chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the patient experienced a relapse of ALL and expired due to a fungal infection. In this report, we analyze the distinct clinical features and disease progression of both conditions and offer an extensive review of relevant literature.

    Keywords: Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Rosai-Dorfman disease, concurrent, Bone involvement, Liver involvement, dural involvement, Children

    Received: 17 Nov 2024; Accepted: 03 Feb 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Jenabzadeh, Binesh, Shahbaz and Alavi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Samin Alavi, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198396-3113, Tehran, Iran

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