Current Applications of Artificial intelligence in Pediatric Surgery

Shams, Seyedehelham; Alijanpour, Abolhasan; Bahrami, Reza; Akhondzardaini, Razieh; Rahmani, Amirhossein; Yeganegi, Maryam; Saberi, Ali; Naseri, Amirhosein; Shirinzadeh-Dastgiri, Ahmad; Vakili-Ojarood, Mohammad; Haghighikian, Seyed  Masoud; Aghili, Kazem; Noorishadkam, Mahmood; Neamatzadeh, Hossein

doi:10.3389/fped.2025.1513897

REVIEW article

Front. Pediatr.

Sec. Pediatric Surgery

Volume 13 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fped.2025.1513897

This article is part of the Research TopicGlobal Surgery: The Next Frontier in Global Public Health Volume IIView all articles

Current Applications of Artificial intelligence in Pediatric Surgery

Provisionally accepted

Seyedehelham Shams¹

Abolhasan Alijanpour^2*

Reza Bahrami³

Razieh Akhondzardaini⁴

Amirhossein Rahmani⁵

Maryam Yeganegi⁵

Ali Saberi⁶

Amirhosein Naseri⁷

Ahmad Shirinzadeh-Dastgiri⁶

Mohammad Vakili-Ojarood⁸

Seyed Masoud Haghighikian⁶

Kazem Aghili⁹

Mahmood Noorishadkam⁹

Hossein Neamatzadeh⁹

¹Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan, Hamadan, Iran
²Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Mazandaran, Iran
³Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
⁴Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Kerman, Iran
⁵Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran
⁶Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
⁷Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Tehran, Iran
⁸Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Ardabil, Iran
⁹Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Yazd, Iran

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has penetrated into all walks of life, and in some aspects it has even far surpassed humans. It is transforming various fields of medicine, and pediatric surgery is no exception. This review article explores the diverse applications of AI technologies in pediatric surgical practice, highlighting their potential to enhance outcomes, improve decision-making, and streamline processes. We discuss the integration of machine learning algorithms in preoperative planning, aiding in the identification of complex anatomical variations and predicting surgical risks for children. The role of AI in intraoperative guidance through robotic systems and real-time imaging analysis is examined, emphasizing its capability to assist surgeons with precision and efficiency. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of AI on postoperative management, including predictive analytics for complications and personalized care for children. By analyzing current literature and case studies, this review underscores the promising future of AI in pediatric surgery, addressing both the benefits and challenges associated with its implementation. Ultimately, the paper advocates for further research and collaboration between AI experts and pediatric surgeons to harness the full potential of these innovative technologies in enhancing surgical outcomes for children.

Keywords: artificial intelligence, Pediatric Surgery, Preoperative, postoperative, prediction

Received: 19 Oct 2024; Accepted: 11 Apr 2025.

Copyright: © 2025 Shams, Alijanpour, Bahrami, Akhondzardaini, Rahmani, Yeganegi, Saberi, Naseri, Shirinzadeh-Dastgiri, Vakili-Ojarood, Haghighikian, Aghili, Noorishadkam and Neamatzadeh. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

* Correspondence: Abolhasan Alijanpour, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, 47176-47745, Mazandaran, Iran

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