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CASE REPORT article

Front. Pediatr.
Sec. Pediatric Rheumatology
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1491095

Case Report: Primary Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient with Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis as the First Manifestation

Provisionally accepted
Lingyang Xu Lingyang Xu Jing Wu Jing Wu Haidong Wang Haidong Wang Baowang Yang Baowang Yang *
  • Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by recurrent vascular thrombotic events. Catastrophic APS (CAPS), which can result in multiple organ failure and even death, is the most severe manifestation of APS. Herein, we report the case of a pediatric patient with CAPS, including the clinical course, diagnosis, and treatment, with the goal of expanding the literature on this condition, as reports of CAPS in pediatric patients are rare.Case presentation: A 7-year-old girl presented with cranial hypertension. She was initially admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and was discharged following symptom improvement. However, only 3 days later, the patient was represented with cranial hypertension and multiple thromboses and was ultimately diagnosed with CAPS based on multidisciplinary consensus. Despite treatment with a series of anticoagulation and thrombolytic therapies, the child's condition progressed rapidly, and she eventually died of pulmonary embolism.CAPS in children is rare and associated with a high mortality rate, making early recognition and diagnosis critical but difficult. Based on the presented case, we recommend routine screening for antiphospholipid antibodies in children with CVST without obvious triggers, or a multidisciplinary collaboration, to facilitate the early diagnosis of CAPS.

    Keywords: case report, primary catastrophic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, multiple thrombus, Children, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis

    Received: 04 Sep 2024; Accepted: 25 Nov 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Xu, Wu, Wang and Yang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Baowang Yang, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.