AUTHOR=Cuna Alain , Kumar Navin , Sampath Venkatesh 

TITLE=Understanding necrotizing enterocolitis endotypes and acquired intestinal injury phenotypes from a historical and artificial intelligence perspective

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2024.1432808

DOI=10.3389/fped.2024.1432808

ISSN=2296-2360

ABSTRACT=<p>Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains a devastating disease in preterm and term neonates. Despite significant progress made in understanding NEC pathogenesis over the last 50 years, the inability of current definitions to discriminate the various pathophysiological processes underlying NEC has led to an umbrella term that limits clinical and research progress. In this mini review, we provide a historical perspective on how NEC definitions and pathogenesis have evolved to our current understanding of NEC endotypes. We also discuss how artificial intelligence-based approaches are influencing our knowledge of risk-factors, classification and prognosis of NEC and other neonatal intestinal injury phenotypes.</p>