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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Pediatr.
Sec. Neonatology
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1392079
This article is part of the Research Topic Ultra Low Birth Weight Infants (ULBWI, Birth Weight < 500 g), a New Challenge View all articles

Outcomes of infants with birthweights less than 501 grams compared to infants weighing 501-750 grams at a center utilizing first intention high frequency jet ventilation

Provisionally accepted
Tim G. Elgin Tim G. Elgin 1*Jennifer N. Berger Jennifer N. Berger 2Dinushan Kaluarachchi Dinushan Kaluarachchi 1John M. Dagle John M. Dagle 3Brady Thomas Brady Thomas 4Tarah Colaizy Tarah Colaizy 3Jonathan M. Klein Jonathan M. Klein 3
  • 1 University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States
  • 2 Children's Minnesota Hospitals and Clinics, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
  • 3 University of Iowa Stead Family Children’s Hospital, Iowa City, Iowa, United States
  • 4 Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background. Data on clinical outcomes of infants with birthweights less than 501 grams (ELBW <501 ) are limited.Objective. To evaluate management strategies and clinical outcomes of ELBW <501 infants compared to infants weighing 501-750 grams (ELBW 501-750 ).Methods. A retrospective study of all ELBW <501 and ELBW 501-750 infants born between 2012-2022 at a center utilizing first intention high frequency jet ventilation was performed. Patient characteristics, clinical and outcome data were compared between the two groups.Results. A total of 358 infants (92 ELBW <501 infants and 266 ELBW 501-750 ) were included. The survival rate for the ELBW <501 group was 60.9% compared to 86.5% for ELBW 501-750 . ELBW <501 infants required more frequent use of 2.0mm endotracheal tubes, required higher FiO2 and longer duration of mechanical ventilation. Compared to ELBW 501-750 group, the ELBW <501 group were more likely to be SGA (68.2% vs 16.5%) and more premature (23.2 vs 24.3 weeks) with lower survival, longer length of stay, higher incidence of ROP and lower weight at discharge but comparable rates of IVH, grade 3 BPD, discharged on supplemental oxygen, and tracheostomy.ELBW <501 infants are at risk for significant morbidity and mortality. However, with specialized obstetric and neonatal care, survival rates of 60% are possible with respiratory outcomes comparable to ELBW 501-750 infants. However, the increased risk of severe ROP for ELBW <501 requiring either surgical or medical intervention is concerning and warrants optimal surveillance.

    Keywords: Neonatalogy, HFJV - high-frequency jet ventilation, high frequency, Survival, nutrition

    Received: 26 Feb 2024; Accepted: 11 Jun 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Elgin, Berger, Kaluarachchi, Dagle, Thomas, Colaizy and Klein. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Tim G. Elgin, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States

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