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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Pediatr.
Sec. Pediatric Infectious Diseases
Volume 12 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fped.2024.1388132

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Pneumonia in Children: A Multicenter Study from Hubei, China

Provisionally accepted
Du Hui Du Hui 1Jun Li Jun Li 2*Xilin Li Xilin Li 3*Junhua Zhao Junhua Zhao 4*Wei Lu Wei Lu 5*Qiong Zhang Qiong Zhang 6*Wenchun Liu Wenchun Liu 7*Xinbing Luo Xinbing Luo 8*Qiao Lu Qiao Lu 9*Sanhong Hu Sanhong Hu 10*Jilong Ma Jilong Ma 11*Renzhong He Renzhong He 12*Bangwu Sha Bangwu Sha 13*Lihua Zhang Lihua Zhang 14*Jinhui Wu Jinhui Wu 15*Junjie Yang Junjie Yang 16*Hongli Li Hongli Li 17*Hebin Chen Hebin Chen 1*Ying Li Ying Li 1*Yang Li Yang Li 1*Yaxin Lin Yaxin Lin 1*Yuehu Liu Yuehu Liu 1*Yabin Wu Yabin Wu 18*Yang Liu Yang Liu 19*Jianmu Li Jianmu Li 20*Xiaoxia Lu Xiaoxia Lu 1*
  • 1 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China
  • 2 Department of Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, China
  • 3 Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Xishui, Huanggang, China
  • 4 Department of Pediatrics,Xiantao Maternal And Child Health Hospital, Xiantao, China
  • 5 Department of Pediatrics, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
  • 6 Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Dangyang, Yichang, China
  • 7 Department of Pediatrics, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao  Autonomous  Prefecture, Enshi, China
  • 8 Department of Pediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
  • 9 Department of Pediatrics, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
  • 10 Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Huangpi, Wuhan, China
  • 11 Department of Pediatrics，Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
  • 12 Department of Pediatrics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, China
  • 13 Department of Pediatrics, Jingmen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingmen, China
  • 14 Department of Pediatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Yichang, The Second Hospital of Three Gorges University Yichang, Yichang, China
  • 15 Department of Pediatrics, Jingmen People's Hospital/Jingchu University of Technology Affiliated Central Hospital, Jingmen, China
  • 16 Department of Pediatrics, Union Jiangbei Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
  • 17 Department of Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hanchuan, Xiaogan, China
  • 18 Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, China
  • 19 Department of Pediatrics,WuHan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
  • 20 Department of Pediatrics,Xiantao first people's Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Xiantao, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Aims: To investigate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of M. pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) children in Hubei, China. Methods: 30923 pediatric inpatients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) from 20 hospitals in Hubei province, China, were included from January 2021 to December 2022. The codetected pathogens of M. pneumoniae (MP) were investigated using targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) test, and 23S rRNA gene mutations were detected to assess the macrolide resistance. Results: MP infected 20.7% of CAP patients, with cough (96.59%) and fever (80.28%) prevalent. In children younger than 1, 1-2, 3-6, 7-12, and older than 12 years, the infection rates were 6.17%, 19.98%, 26.97%, 43.93%, and 2.95%, respectively. Among 1349 patients undergoing tNGS, the overall co-detection rate was 59.45%, with Streptococcus pneumoniae (29.30%), Haemophilus influenzae (23.57%), and Human rhinovirus (17.21%) being commonly co-detected pathogens. In 635 patients undergoing the 23S rRNA gene mutation test, 86.30% had positive mutations (A2063G -98.00%, A2064G -1.50%, A2067G -0.50%). Despite a significant age difference (P=0.037) between macrolide resistant MP (MRMP)and macrolide sensitive MP (MSMP) groups, there were no significant differences in symptoms, lab data, or disease severity. Conclusions: In Hubei province, the prevalence of MP exhibited consistent changed during the COVID-19 pandemic. MPP was prevalent year-round, particularly in summer and autumn, with school-age children being more susceptible. Co-detections of viruses and bacteria were frequent in MPP cases, and macrolide resistance exceeded 85%. Ongoing surveillance of MP in children is crucial for understanding the healthcare impact of MPP.

    Keywords: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Children, Prevalence, Co-detection, macrolide resistance

    Received: 21 Feb 2024; Accepted: 30 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Hui, Li, Li, Zhao, Lu, Zhang, Liu, Luo, Lu, Hu, Ma, He, Sha, Zhang, Wu, Yang, Li, Chen, Li, Li, Lin, Liu, Wu, Liu, Li and Lu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Jun Li, Department of Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Huangshi, Huangshi, China
    Xilin Li, Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Xishui, Huanggang, China
    Junhua Zhao, Department of Pediatrics,Xiantao Maternal And Child Health Hospital, Xiantao, China
    Wei Lu, Department of Pediatrics, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China
    Qiong Zhang, Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Dangyang, Yichang, China
    Wenchun Liu, Department of Pediatrics, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao  Autonomous  Prefecture, Enshi, China
    Xinbing Luo, Department of Pediatrics, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
    Qiao Lu, Department of Pediatrics, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
    Sanhong Hu, Department of Pediatrics, People's Hospital of Huangpi, Wuhan, China
    Jilong Ma, Department of Pediatrics，Affiliated Renhe Hospital of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
    Renzhong He, Department of Pediatrics, Huangshi Central Hospital, Huangshi, China
    Bangwu Sha, Department of Pediatrics, Jingmen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingmen, China
    Lihua Zhang, Department of Pediatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Yichang, The Second Hospital of Three Gorges University Yichang, Yichang, China
    Jinhui Wu, Department of Pediatrics, Jingmen People's Hospital/Jingchu University of Technology Affiliated Central Hospital, Jingmen, China
    Junjie Yang, Department of Pediatrics, Union Jiangbei Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
    Hongli Li, Department of Pediatrics, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hanchuan, Xiaogan, China
    Hebin Chen, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China
    Ying Li, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China
    Yang Li, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China
    Yaxin Lin, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China
    Yuehu Liu, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China
    Yabin Wu, Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, China
    Yang Liu, Department of Pediatrics,WuHan Asia General Hospital, Wuhan, China
    Jianmu Li, Department of Pediatrics,Xiantao first people's Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University, Xiantao, China
    Xiaoxia Lu, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Wuhan Children’s Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, Hebei Province, China

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