AUTHOR=Basgoze Serdar , Temur Bahar , Ozcan Zeynep Sila , Gokce Ibrahim , Guvenc Osman , Aydin Selim , Guzelmeric Fusun , Altan Kus Aylin , Erek Ersin TITLE=The effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children after repair of congenital heart disease: A pilot study from Turkey JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics VOLUME=11 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1131361 DOI=10.3389/fped.2023.1131361 ISSN=2296-2360 ABSTRACT=Background

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used after congenital heart surgery. The purpose of this study is to analyze the neurodevelopmental (ND) outcomes in patients who receivedECMO support after congenital cardiac surgery.

Methods

Between January 2014 and January 2021, 111 patients (5.8%) receivedECMO support after congenital heart operations, and 29 (26,1%) of these patients were discharged. Fifteen patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. A propensity score matching (PSM) analysis model was established using eight variables (age, weight, sex, Modified Aristotle Comprehensive Complexityscores, seizures, cardiopulmonary bypass duration, number of operations, and repair method) with 1:1 matching. According to the PSM model, 15 patients who underwent congenital heart operations were selected as the non-ECMO group. The Ages & Stages Questionnaire Third Edition (ASQ-3) was used for ND screening;it includes communication, physical skills (gross and fine motor), problem-solving, and personal–social skills domains.

Results

There were no statistically significant differences between the patients' preoperative and postoperative characteristics. All patients were followed up for a median of 29 months (9–56 months). The ASQ-3 results revealed that communication, fine motor, and personal–social skills assessments were not statistically different between the groups. Gross motor skills (40 vs. 60), problem-solving skills (40 vs. 50), and overall scores (200 vs. 250) were better in the non-ECMO patients (P = 0.01, P = 0.03, and P = 0.03, respectively). Nine patients (%60) in the ECMO group and 3 patients (%20) in the non-ECMO group were with neurodevelopmental delay (P = 0,03).

Conclusion

ND delay may occur in congenital heart surgery patients who receivedECMO support. We recommend ND screening in all patients with congenital heart disease, especially those who receivedECMO support.