AUTHOR=Li Yiyuan , Zhu Yu , Wan Chaomin , Wen Yang 

TITLE=Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia complicated with non-traumatic mediastinal abscess in children: A case report

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1115788

DOI=10.3389/fped.2023.1115788

ISSN=2296-2360

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p><italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> bacteremia complicated with non-traumatic mediastinal abscess rarely occurs in children. Herein, we report a case of S. aureus bacteremia in a previously healthy 15-month-old boy, which was complicated with a non-traumatic mediastinal abscess, followed by recovery without surgery</p></sec><sec><title>Case presentation</title><p>A previously healthy 15-month-old boy presented to the hospital with a high fever, accompanied by chills, lethargy, tachycardia, tachypnea, and slight cough. Contrast-enhanced computerized tomography revealed mediastinal abscess and blood culture analysis showed the presence of <italic>S. aureus</italic> which was methicillin-susceptible. With prompt initiation of antibiotic treatment, with appropriate duration, the patient successfully recovered without surgical drainage upon discharge.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p><italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> bacteremia complicated with non-traumatic mediastinal abscess is rare in children, and early recognition and appropriate management are essential for a successful outcome.</p></sec>