AUTHOR=Dai Jie , Wu Hua-ying , Jiang Xiao-dong , Tang Yong-jie , Tang Hao-Kai , Meng Li , Huang Na , Gao Jing-yu , Li Jian , Baker Julien S. , Zheng Chan-Juan , Yang Yi-De 

TITLE=Association between napping and 24-hour blood pressure variability among university students: A pilot study

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1062300

DOI=10.3389/fped.2023.1062300

ISSN=2296-2360

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Background</title><p>Blood pressure variability (BPV) has been reported to be a predictor of cardiovascular and some cognitive diseases. However, the association between napping and BPV remains unknown. This study aimed to explore the association between napping and BPV.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>A cross-sectional study including 105 university students was conducted. Participants’ 24 h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (24 h ABPM) were measured, and napping behaviors were investigated. BPV were measured by the 24 h ABPM, included standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), and average real variability (ARV).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Among the participants, 61.9% reported daytime napping. We found that nap duration was significantly associated with daytime CV of diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (<italic>r</italic> = 0.250, <italic>P </italic>= 0.010), nighttime CV of systolic blood pressure (SBP) (<italic>r</italic> = 0.217, <italic>P </italic>= 0.026), 24 h WCV of DBP (<italic>r</italic> = 0.238, <italic>P </italic>= 0.014), 24 h ARV of SBP (<italic>r</italic> = 0.246, <italic>P </italic>= 0.011) and 24 h ARV of DBP (<italic>r</italic> = 0.291, <italic>P </italic>= 0.003). Compared with the no napping group, 24 h WCV of DBP, daytime CV of DBP, and daytime SD of DBP were significantly higher in participants with napping duration &gt;60 min. With multiple regression analysis we found that nap duration was an independent predictor for 24 h ARV of SBP (<italic>β</italic> = 0.859, 95% CI, 0.101–1.616, <italic>P </italic>= 0.027) and 24 h ARV of DBP (<italic>β</italic> = 0.674, 95% CI, 0.173–1.175, <italic>P </italic>= 0.009).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Napping durations are associated with BPV among university students. Especially those with napping durations &gt;60 min had a significantly higher BPV than those non-nappers.</p></sec>