AUTHOR=Argyropoulos Theodoros , Korakas Emmanouil , Gikas Aristofanis , Kountouri Aikaterini , Kostaridou-Nikolopoulou Stavroula , Raptis Athanasios , Lambadiari Vaia TITLE=Stress Hyperglycemia in Children and Adolescents as a Prognostic Indicator for the Development of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics VOLUME=9 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2021.670976 DOI=10.3389/fped.2021.670976 ISSN=2296-2360 ABSTRACT=

Hyperglycemia is a common manifestation in the course of severe disease and is the result of acute metabolic and hormonal changes associated with various factors such as trauma, stress, surgery, or infection. Numerous studies demonstrate the association of adverse clinical events with stress hyperglycemia. This article briefly describes the pathophysiological mechanisms which lead to hyperglycemia under stressful circumstances particularly in the pediatric and adolescent population. The importance of prevention of hyperglycemia, especially for children, is emphasized and the existing models for the prediction of diabetes are presented. The available studies on the association between stress hyperglycemia and progress to type 1 diabetes mellitus are presented, implying a possible role for stress hyperglycemia as part of a broader prognostic model for the prediction and prevention of overt disease in susceptible patients.