AUTHOR=He Zhijiang , Wu Jiaman , Xiao Bin , Xiao Shanqiu , Li Hongping , Wu Kaifeng 

TITLE=The Initial Oral Microbiota of Neonates Among Subjects With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics

VOLUME=7

YEAR=2019

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2019.00513

DOI=10.3389/fped.2019.00513

ISSN=2296-2360

ABSTRACT=<p><bold>Objective:</bold> The objective was to investigate the potential effect of gestational diabetes mellitus on the initial neonatal oral microbiome community structure.</p><p><bold>Methods:</bold> Oral samples were collected from 20 full-term, vaginally delivered newborns with sterile swabs. Nine of them had mothers diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM group), while 11 had non-diabetic mothers (NDM group). The oral microbiota was analyzed using multi-barcode 16S rRNA sequencing on Illumina MiSeq system.</p><p><bold>Results:</bold> The results showed that the birth weight, gestational age and gestational weight gain were significantly higher in NDM group. There was a significant correlation between gestational age and birth weight. Neonatal oral microbiome was composed of five dominant phyla from <italic>Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria</italic>, and <italic>Tenericutes</italic>. Compared to NDM group, a higher alpha diversity and reduction of phylum <italic>Firmicutes</italic> were observed in GDM group. Genus <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> dominated in NDM group, while <italic>Alistipes, Streptococcus</italic>, and <italic>Faecalibacterium</italic> were overabundant in GDM group. Additionally, carbohydrate metabolism increased in NDM group, whereas amino acid metabolism, vitamin metabolism and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis were more abundant in GDM group.</p><p><bold>Conclusions:</bold> This study showed a distinct oral microbiota profile in neonates born to mothers with GDM, which indicated that maternal diabetes status played an important role in neonatal initial oral microbiota.</p>