AUTHOR=Divjak Natalie , Vasseur Maurer Sabine , Giannoni Eric , Vial Yvan , de Buys Roessingh Anthony , Wildhaber Barbara E. 

TITLE=Bronchopulmonary Sequestration with Morbid Neonatal Pleural Effusion despite Successful Antenatal Treatment

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics

VOLUME=Volume 5 - 2017

YEAR=2017

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2017.00259

DOI=10.3389/fped.2017.00259

ISSN=2296-2360

ABSTRACT=Introduction: Bronchopulmonary sequestration may cause prenatal pleural effusion (PE) or even hydrops. This case describes a fetus presenting with severe PE, which prenatally waned completely under steroid treatment, yet surprisingly reappeared rapidly after birth, requiring early surgical intervention.
Case description: A male fetus was diagnosed with left bronchopulmonary sequestration and severe PE. After 3 courses of prenatal steroid therapy for each recurrence of PE from 27 weeks of gestation we observed a complete regression of PE prenatally. Yet, PE recurred 18 hours after birth and persisted after repeated drainages and steroid therapy. Early total resection of the extra-lobar bronchopulmonary sequestration was performed and led to complete recovery without recurrence of PE.
Conclusion: This report underlines that in cases of bronchopulmonary sequestration presenting with prenatal PE needing fetal intervention, even if full regression of PE is observed before birth, there might be a need for surgical excision during the neonatal period.