AUTHOR=Zaidi Ahmar Urooj , Hutchins Kelley K. , Rajpurkar Madhvi TITLE=Pulmonary Embolism in Children JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics VOLUME=5 YEAR=2017 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2017.00170 DOI=10.3389/fped.2017.00170 ISSN=2296-2360 ABSTRACT=

Pulmonary embolism (PE) in the pediatric population is relatively rare when compared to adults; however, the incidence is increasing and accurate and timely diagnosis is critical. A high clinical index of suspicion is warranted as PE often goes unrecognized among children leading to misdiagnosis and potentially increased morbidity and mortality. Evidence-based guidelines for the diagnosis, management, and follow-up of children with PE are lacking and current practices are extrapolated from adult data. Treatment options include thrombolysis and anticoagulation with heparins and oral vitamin K antagonists, with newer direct oral anticoagulants currently in clinical trials. Long-term sequelae of PE, although studied in adults, are vastly unknown among children and adolescents. Additional research is needed in order to provide pediatric focused care for patients with acute PE.