AUTHOR=Valentine Kevin M. , Sarnaik Ajit A. , Sandhu Hitesh S. , Sarnaik Ashok P. 

TITLE=High Frequency Jet Ventilation in Respiratory Failure Secondary to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: A Case Series

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Pediatrics

VOLUME=4

YEAR=2016

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pediatrics/articles/10.3389/fped.2016.00092

DOI=10.3389/fped.2016.00092

ISSN=2296-2360

ABSTRACT=<sec id="ST1"><title>Objective</title><p>To describe the utility of high frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) as a rescue therapy in patients with respiratory failure secondary to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) that was refractory to conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV).</p></sec><sec id="ST2"><title>Design</title><p>Descriptive study by retrospective review.</p></sec><sec id="ST3"><title>Setting</title><p>Pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary care children’s hospital.</p></sec><sec id="ST4"><title>Patients</title><p>Infants on mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure due to RSV.</p></sec><sec id="ST5"><title>Interventions</title><p>Use of HFJV.</p></sec><sec id="ST6"><title>Main Results</title><p>Eleven patients were placed on HFJV. There was sustained improvement in ventilation on HFJV with a mean decrease in PCO<sub>2</sub> of 9 mmHg at 24 h and 11 mmHg at 72 h. There were no significant changes in oxygenation by oxygenation index. No patients required extracorporeal support or suffered pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, or subcutaneous emphysema. Ten out of 11 (91%) patients survived to discharge from the hospital.</p></sec><sec id="ST7"><title>Conclusion</title><p>High frequency jet ventilation may represent an alternative therapy for RSV-induced respiratory failure that is refractory to CMV.</p></sec>