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REVIEW article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Pediatric Oncology
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1555419
This article is part of the Research Topic The Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Pediatric Cancers: Applications and Considerations in Immunotherapy View all 4 articles
Mechanisms and molecular characterization of relapsed/refractory neuroblastomas
Provisionally accepted- 1 Tianjin Union Medical Centre, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- 2 Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
Relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma is a type of malignant solid tumor with a very poor prognosis in children. Its pathogenesis is complex, involving multiple molecular pathways and genetic alterations. Recent studies have shown that MYCN amplification, ALK mutation, TERT promoter mutation, p53 pathway inactivation, and chromosomal instability are the key mechanisms and molecular characteristics of relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma. Precision treatment strategies targeting these molecular mechanisms have shown certain prospects in preclinical studies and clinical practice. This review focuses on the relevant mechanisms and molecular characteristics of relapsed/refractory neuroblastoma, explores its relationship with treatment response and clinical prognosis, and briefly introduces the current treatment strategies to provide a theoretical basis for the development of novel and personalized therapeutic regimens to improve the prognosis of children.
Keywords: Neuroblastoma1, relapsed/refractory2, molecular characterization3, Mechanism4, targeted therapy5, precision oncology6
Received: 04 Jan 2025; Accepted: 18 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Chen and Wei. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Zixuan Wei, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
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