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CASE REPORT article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Neuro-Oncology and Neurosurgical Oncology
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1551157
Diagnostic challenges of primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma: case report and literature review
Provisionally accepted
Na Liang 1,2
Changxian Chen 1,2
Dan Yuan 1,2 Qiang Xu 3
Yali Zhan 1,2 Yi Zhao 4 Di Wu 5 Cheng Yang 4
Chunming Li 1,2*- 1 Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- 2 Department of Pathology, Affiliated hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- 3 Department of Urology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- 4 The First Clinical College of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
- 5 School of Law, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare malignant tumor that primarily affects the lymph nodes, intestines, skin, and soft tissues. Primary central nervous system histiocytic sarcoma (PCNSHS) is even rarer. We present the case of a 50-year-old Asian male with PCNSHS who was hospitalized after experiencing intermittent headaches and slurred speech for a week. During surgery, both tumor cells and purulent material were observed, and the diagnosis of PCNSHS was ultimately confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, we conducted a literature review from 1952 to the present, screening and analyzing 49 related cases across 41 publications.
Keywords: Histiocytic Sarcoma, Primary central nervous system, Diagnosis and differential diagnosis, case report, Immunohistochemistry
Received: 24 Dec 2024; Accepted: 13 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Liang, Chen, Yuan, Xu, Zhan, Zhao, Wu, Yang and Li. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Chunming Li, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, China
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