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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Hematologic Malignancies
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1529678
Association of ANA and SSA Autoantibodies with Progression-Free Survival in Multiple Myeloma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Provisionally accepted- Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Huangpu, China
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between autoantibodies, specifically Antinuclear Antibody (ANA) and anti-Sjögren's-syndrome-related antigen A (SSA), and progression-free survival (PFS) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 304 MM patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2020 at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, with follow-up until October 2023. Patients were stratified based on ANA and SSA positivity. Clinical data were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression models, adjusting for key prognostic factors. Sensitivity analyses were performed using propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) to evaluate the robustness of the results. Results: SSA-positive patients exhibited significantly shorter PFS compared to SSA-negative patients (17 vs. 44 months, HR = 2.93, 95% CI 1.53-5.64, p = 0.001), while ANA positivity was associated with a smaller increase in risk (HR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.04-2.4, p = 0.034). The impact of SSA remained significant after adjusting for various covariates in the Cox regression model and sensitivity analyses. Subgroup analyses revealed consistent effects of SSA positivity across different demographic and clinical factors. Conclusion: SSA positivity is associated with a higher risk of disease progression in MM patients, suggesting it may serve as a valuable prognostic marker. The relationship between autoantibodies and MM prognosis warrants further investigation in larger, multicenter studies to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and inform clinical management.
Keywords: Multiple Myeloma, Autoantibodies, ANA (Antinuclear Antibody), SSA (Anti-Sjögren's-syndrome-related Antigen A), Progression-free survival, Propensity score matching (PSM)
Received: 17 Nov 2024; Accepted: 06 Feb 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Zhang, REN, Chen, Wang, Wang, Wu and Zhou. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Jiafeng Zhang, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Huangpu, China
Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.