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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Head and Neck Cancer
Volume 15 - 2025 |
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1505728
A Comprehensive Analysis and Comparative Study of the Trends in Thyroid Cancer Burden in China and Globally from 1990 to 2021, with Projections for the Next 15 Years
Provisionally accepted
Yulai Yin 1*
Xiaoyu Zhang 2*- 1 Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- 2 Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
This study aims to analyze the trends in incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of thyroid cancer across gender and age groups in China and globally from 1990 to 2021, using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database. Additionally, it projects the trends in thyroid cancer burden for the next 15 years for both China and the global population.Thyroid cancer-related data were extracted from the 2021 GBD dataset. The average annual percentage change (AAPC) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using Joinpoint regression to reflect trends in the thyroid cancer burden. R software was used to perform a gender-and age-specific analysis and visualize the trends in thyroid cancer burden for both China and the global population. Furthermore, the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model was employed to project the trends in thyroid cancer burden over the next 15 years.The results indicate a rising trend in the incidence and prevalence of thyroid cancer both in China and globally. Conversely, the mortality rate and DALYs show a declining trend over the same period. Age-specific analysis revealed that thyroid cancer is most prevalent among individuals aged 50-64. Gender-specific analysis indicated that the incidence rate is higher in females than in males. Projections for the next 15 years show that the age-standardized incidence rates for both males and females are expected to continue rising in China and globally.While the age-standardized mortality rate for females is projected to decline significantly, the mortality rate for males is predicted to stabilize.Between 1990 and 2021, the number of thyroid cancer cases has increased both in China and globally, while the mortality rate has shown a marked decline. This trend is expected to persist over the next 15 years. The growing population affected by thyroid cancer reflects a substantial disease burden, making thyroid cancer a significant global public health concern. The formulation of proactive and effective health policies is urgently needed.
Keywords: thyroid cancer, disease burden, Incidence, Prevalence, trend
Received: 03 Oct 2024; Accepted: 02 Jan 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Yin and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Yulai Yin, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
Xiaoyu Zhang, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, 061001, Hebei, China
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