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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article
Front. Oncol.
Sec. Cancer Molecular Targets and Therapeutics
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1477649
This article is part of the Research Topic The Immune Infiltrate as a Paradigm Model to Study the Biology and Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Sarcomas, volume II View all 6 articles
PITX1 as a grading, prognostic and Tumor-infiltrating Immune Cells marker for chondrosarcoma: a public database-based immunoassay and tissue sample analysis
Provisionally accepted
Shubiao Chen 1*
Zikun Huang 2
Liu Dongchen 3 Ying Zhang 3 Weiqing Lu 3 Lan Hu 3 Jinghao Zhang 2
Lei Xie 4*- 1 Department of Hernia and abdominal wall surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- 2 Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
- 3 Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- 4 Sport Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
Background: Chondrosarcoma (CHS) is a rare bone cancer originating from chondrocytes,with high-grade cases associated with high mortality rates. However, the prognostic factors and therapeutic targets for CHS have not been studied.Graded gene differential analysis was conducted on 97 CHS tissues to identify genes associated with CHS grading. Additionally, we performed GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the differentially-expressed genes (DEGs), as well as GSEA analysis, differential expression analysis, survival analysis, and univariable and multifactorial COX analysis of paired-like homology structural domain transcription factor 1 (PITX1). Furthermore, our findings investigated the relationship between tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TICs) in CHS tumors using CIBERSORT to calculate proportions and differences. Our findings also explored the associations among gene expression patterns, survival prognosis, TICs, and immune checkpoints across various cancer types. Finally, immunohistochemical staining was carried out on self-collected clinical samples to assess PITX1 expression levels and correlate them with clinical information. metastasis.PITX1 is a novel biomarker for distinguishing between high-grade and low-grade CHS, serving as a prognostic indicator for patients with this condition and presenting a promising target for immunotherapy. These findings offer innovative insights into the treatment of CHS.
Keywords: Tumor Grade, PITX1, chondrosarcoma (CHS), Tumor-infiltrating immune cell (TIC), Immune targets
Received: 08 Aug 2024; Accepted: 24 Mar 2025.
Copyright: © 2025 Chen, Huang, Dongchen, Zhang, Lu, Hu, Zhang and Xie. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
* Correspondence:
Shubiao Chen, Department of Hernia and abdominal wall surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
Lei Xie, Sport Medicine Centre, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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