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CASE REPORT article

Front. Oncol.
Sec. Cancer Imaging and Image-directed Interventions
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1470132

Comparison of Al[ 18 F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT and [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT in a Patient with Lung Cancer and Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Report and literature Review

Provisionally accepted
Jingjie Qin Jingjie Qin *Jinming Yu Jinming Yu Yuchun Wei Yuchun Wei *
  • Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: The coexistence of lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) makes differential diagnosis even more complicated. The purpose of the study is to explore superiority of [ 18 F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT in distinguishing TB from malignant lesions and accurately detecting inflammatory lymph nodes than [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT. Case summary: Herein, we described a case report of a patient with both lung cancer and tuberculosis underwent [ 18 F]-FDG and Al[ 18 F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to determine staging. Additionally, a literature review was conducted to discuss the potential clinical applications of FAPI PET/CT. We reported a 70-yearold man with newly diagnosed lung squamous cell carcinoma underwent [ 18 F]-FDG and Al[ 18 F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT to determine staging. The avid uptake of [ 18 F]-FDG in old pulmonary TB and the right hilar inflammatory lymph nodes (<1 cm) were not found on Al [ 18 F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT. After 2 months of follow-up, the small lymph node was finally confirmed to be inflammatory. Conclusion: Al[ 18 F]-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET/CT may perform better in distinguishing TB from malignancy and may offer greater specificity than [ 18 F]-FDG PET/CT for the diagnosis inflammatory lymph nodes.

    Keywords: FAPI-04, FDG, PET/CT, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer

    Received: 28 Jul 2024; Accepted: 03 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Qin, Yu and Wei. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Jingjie Qin, Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China
    Yuchun Wei, Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital, Jinan, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.