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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Oncol.
Sec. Thoracic Oncology
Volume 15 - 2025 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1425421

Brazilian real-world data of immunotherapy in extensive stage small cell lung cancer

Provisionally accepted
Flávia Amaral Duarte Flávia Amaral Duarte 1Rodrigo Dienstmann Rodrigo Dienstmann 1Paulo Diniz Paulo Diniz 2*Matheus Silva Matheus Silva 1Gilson Gabriel Viana Veloso Gilson Gabriel Viana Veloso 1Georgia Arcanjo Georgia Arcanjo 1Rafael Paes Rafael Paes 1Tatiane Montella Tatiane Montella 1Helena Lima Helena Lima 1Bruno Ferrari Bruno Ferrari 1ELIANE MANCUZO ELIANE MANCUZO 2Carlos Gil Ferreira Carlos Gil Ferreira 1
  • 1 Oncoclinicas Group, São Paulo, Brazil
  • 2 Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The landmarks of Thoracic Oncology in the last two decades have been accompanied by exponential growth in costs, making it imperative to assess the real benefit of incorporating new technologies. Combining immunotherapy (IO) with platinum-etoposide chemotherapy has become the standard of care in first-line treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). However, the absolute difference in overall survival (OS) has reached three months. This study aimed to investigate the impact of this intervention in a real-world cohort.We retrospectively analyzed data from ES-SCLC patients (pts) from a Brazilian Oncology Group, diagnosed and treated between January 2018 and June 2022. The primary objectives were median OS (mOS) and median time to subsequent treatment (mTST) according to IO exposure in the first-line setting. Secondarily, we intend to compare these results with the literature data and with an internal and contemporary cohort of patients treated with chemotherapy alone.In total, 85 SCLC patients were included in this analysis. The median follow-up was nine months. First line regimens were atezolizumab + platinum-etoposide in 53%, platinum-etoposide in 36% and platinum-irinotecan in 11%. Among ES-SCLC pts who received IO in their first-line treatment, the mOS was 15.0 months (95% CI: 11.20; 18.80) and the mTST was 8.0 months (95% CI: 6.25; 9.75). As a reference, our internal and contemporary control presented numerically lower mOS and mTST: 9.0 months (95% CI: 2.08; 19.92) and 7.0 months (95% CI: 5.88; 8.12), respectively. Discussion: Few real-world cohorts are evaluating the impact of IO in ES-SCLC, limited to high-income countries. Our data suggest that IO has a meaningful impact on the outcome of ES-SCLC in daily clinical practice, confirming previous trial results.

    Keywords: Extensive disease, Immunotherapy, Real-world data, Small cell lung cacer, Brazilian data

    Received: 29 Apr 2024; Accepted: 29 Jan 2025.

    Copyright: © 2025 Amaral Duarte, Dienstmann, Diniz, Silva, Viana Veloso, Arcanjo, Paes, Montella, Lima, Ferrari, MANCUZO and Ferreira. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Paulo Diniz, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brazil

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