Progression and Diagnostic Challenges of Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma in a Non-Infant: A Case Report with Five-Year Follow-Up

Yan Yang ¹ Xuzhu Chen ² Xing Liu ³ Shiguang Shi Li ^1*

• ¹ Department of Radiology, Affiliated Jinyang Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
• ² Department of Radiology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China
• ³ Department of Pathology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

The desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma (DIG) is a rare intracranial benign tumor occurring in infants under 2 years of age. It has good biological and behavioral characteristics and occasionally has malignant characteristics, such as multiple intracranial lesions, postoperative progression or recurrence, meningeal diffusion and metastasis. We present a non-infant with DIG that underwent tumor progression. A 16-year-old girl presented with DIG in the cerebral cistern and underwent subtotal resection. Two years later, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed the scope of abnormal enhancement in the surgical area was roughly the same as before, and a follow-up review was continued. Five years later, reexamination showed that the residual extent of the operative area was significantly larger than before and involved the right frontal and temporal lobes, considering the progression of the residual part of the tumor. This case report focuses on the occurrence of DIG and their potential malignant feature, as assessed through magnetic resonance imaging.