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BRIEF RESEARCH REPORT article

Front. Oncol.
Sec. Gastrointestinal Cancers: Hepato Pancreatic Biliary Cancers
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1482909
This article is part of the Research Topic Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Novel Treatment Strategies - Volume III View all 13 articles

Superior Survival Benefits of Triple Combination Immunotherapy Compared to Standard Chemotherapy as Second-Line Treatment for Advanced Biliary Tract Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis

Provisionally accepted
Zhengang YUAN Zhengang YUAN 1*Peipei Shang Peipei Shang 1Heming Xu Heming Xu 1Tianmei Zeng Tianmei Zeng 1Cheng Lou Cheng Lou 1Wei Wei Wei Wei 1Guang Yang Guang Yang 1Zhuo Cheng Zhuo Cheng 1Xiaowen Cui Xiaowen Cui 1Hong Weipeng Hong Weipeng 2Weidong Shen Weidong Shen 2
  • 1 Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital, Shanghai, China
  • 2 Singlera Genomic Ltd, pudong, Shanghai, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC) is associated with a poor prognosis and limited options for second-line treatment. The TOPAZ-1 and KEYNOTE-966 trials have demonstrated the benefits of combining immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with chemotherapy in treating BTC. However, the efficacy of FOLFOX as a second-line therapy is limited, highlighting the need for more effective treatment approaches.Methods: This retrospective study compared a triple regimen-comprising ICIs, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and chemotherapy-to standard chemotherapy in patients with metastatic BTC who had progressed on first-line gemcitabine-based therapy. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), with secondary endpoints including overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and safety.Results: Of the 121 patients, 86 received the triple regimen and 35 received standard chemotherapy. The triple regimen showed a significantly higher ORR (37.2% vs. 2.8%, p < 0.0001) and DCR (89.5% vs. 71.4%). The median PFS was 6 months for the triple regimen compared to 2.0 months for standard chemotherapy (HR 0.29, p < 0.0001). The median OS was 16.0 months for the triple regimen versus 6.0 months for standard chemotherapy (HR 0.35, p < 0.0001). Treatment-related adverse events were comparable between the groups.The triple combination of immunotherapy offers superior survival benefits compared to standard chemotherapy as a second-line treatment for advanced BTC, warranting further investigation for potential clinical adoption.

    Keywords: BTC, Second-line therapy, Immunotherapy, Combination (Combined) Therapy, Retropective studies

    Received: 19 Aug 2024; Accepted: 23 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 YUAN, Shang, Xu, Zeng, Lou, Wei, Yang, Cheng, Cui, Weipeng and Shen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Zhengang YUAN, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgical Hospital, Shanghai, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.