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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW article

Front. Oncol.
Sec. Surgical Oncology
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1446303

The risk of thyroid cancer after hysterectomy and oophorectomy: a meta-analysis

Provisionally accepted
Shenguang Fu Shenguang Fu 1Yibo Liu Yibo Liu 2*Yiping Lu Yiping Lu 2*
  • 1 Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
  • 2 Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    The purpose of this meta-analysis is to assess whether there is an association between hysterectomy and oophorectomy and risk of primary thyroid cancer. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for eligible studies published from database inception to May 13, 2024, using medical subject headings (MeSH) and keywords. All statistical analyses were performed using Stata statistical software (version 14.0). If P > 0.1 and I 2 ≤ 50%, a fixed-effects model was adopted. If I 2 > 50% a random-effects model was adopted. The funnel plot and Egger's test were used to evaluate publication bias. Results: A total of 11 studies explored the association between a history of hysterectomy, oophorectomy and the risk of thyroid cancer. The pooling analysis shows that a history of hysterectomy, oophorectomy is associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer (HR = 1.597; 95% CI: 1.467-1.738; I 2 = 57.1%, P = 0.01 < 0.1; Figure 2). In the subgroup analysis, a follow-up duration exceeding 20 years is linked to an elevated risk of thyroid cancer (HR = 1.772; 95% CI: 1.301-2.414; I² = 81.70%, P = 0.004 > 0.001). Hysterectomy combined with salpingo-oophorectomy is associated with a higher risk of thyroid cancer incidence (HR = 1.633; 95% CI: 1.449-1.841; I² = 51.10%, P = 0.069 > 0.001). Studies that balanced smoking, alcohol consumption, and history of thyroid disease demonstrated an association between hysterectomy and increased risk of thyroid disease (HR = 1.734; 95% CI: 1.591-1.891; I² = 31.30%, P = 0.225 > 0.001). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis reveals a heightened risk of primary thyroid cancer following hysterectomy and oophorectomy. These findings underscore the importance of considering potential cancer risks when determining surgical approaches and implementing preventive measures prior to these procedures.

    Keywords: thyroid cancer, Hysterectomy, Oophorectomy, Meta-analysis, Systematic reviews

    Received: 09 Jun 2024; Accepted: 04 Sep 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Fu, Liu and Lu. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Yibo Liu, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, Beijing Municipality, China
    Yiping Lu, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100010, Beijing Municipality, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.