Skip to main content

ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Oncol.
Sec. Gastrointestinal Cancers: Gastric and Esophageal Cancers
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1418548

Development and validation of a nomogram to predict the survival and estimate surgical benefits for gastric cancer with liver metastasis receiving primary tumor resection

Provisionally accepted
Rishun Su Rishun Su Xuezeng Sun Xuezeng Sun *Songyao Chen Songyao Chen Deng Guofei Deng Guofei Songcheng Yin Songcheng Yin *Changhua Zhang Changhua Zhang *
  • Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Surgical treatment has been widely controversial for gastric cancer accompanied by liver metastasis (GCLM). This paper aims to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the survival and estimate surgical benefits for GCLM patients.: 616 GCLM patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database and 74 GCLM patients receiving primary tumor resection (PTR) from the Chinese center were included in this study. Patients from the SEER database were divided into training set (with PTR) (n=493) and non-operative set (without PTR) (n=123). Patients receiving PTR from China were included as external validation set. Independent risk factors associated with the overall survival of GCLM patients undergoing PTR were identified in training set via Log-rank test and Cox regression analysis. Afterwards, a comprehensive model and corresponding nomogram were constructed and validated by validation set. Results: The survival of patients undergoing PTR(n=493) was longer than that without PTR (n=123) (Log-rank test, p<0.0001) in SEER cohort. T stage (HR=1.40, 95% CI=1.14, 1.73), differentiation grade (HR=1.47, 95% CI=1.17, 1.85), non-hepatic metastases (HR=1.69, 95% CI=1.29, 2.21), adjuvant therapy (HR=0.34, 95% CI= 0.28, 0.42) were closely related with the survival of GCLM with PTR and thus a four-factor nomogram was established. However, GCLM patients receiving PTR in high-risk subgroup(n=255) screened out by the nomogram did not have better survival outcomes compared with patients without PTR (n=123) (Log-rank test, p=0.25).The nomogram could predict survival of GCLM patients receiving PTR with acceptable accuracy. In addition, although PTR did improve the survival of whole GCLM patients, patients in high-risk subgroup were unable to benefit from PTR, which could assist clinicians to make decisions for the treatment of GCLM.

    Keywords: gastric cancer1, Liver metastasis2, prognosis3, surgery4, Nomogram5

    Received: 16 Apr 2024; Accepted: 14 Oct 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Su, Sun, Chen, Guofei, Yin and Zhang. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence:
    Xuezeng Sun, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
    Songcheng Yin, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
    Changhua Zhang, Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.