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ORIGINAL RESEARCH article

Front. Oncol.
Sec. Breast Cancer
Volume 14 - 2024 | doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1413076

Clinical breast examination and its associated factors among reproductive age women in Ghana: Multilevel logistic regression analysis

Provisionally accepted
Zenebe Abebe Zenebe Abebe 1*Birhan Ewunu Semagn Birhan Ewunu Semagn 1Agmasie Damtew Walle Agmasie Damtew Walle 1Mahider Awoke Belay Mahider Awoke Belay 2Wubet Tazeb Wondie Wubet Tazeb Wondie 3Gezahagn Demsu Gedefaw Gezahagn Demsu Gedefaw 4Werkneh Tilahun Werkneh Tilahun 5Ermiyas Endewunet Melaku Ermiyas Endewunet Melaku 1Tadesse Mamo Dejene Tadesse Mamo Dejene 1
  • 1 Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia
  • 2 Injibara University, Injibara, Amhara Region, Ethiopia
  • 3 Ambo University, Ambo, Oromia Region, Ethiopia
  • 4 University of Gondar, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
  • 5 Debre Markos University, Debre Marqos, Ethiopia

The final, formatted version of the article will be published soon.

    Background: Breast cancer poses a significant health burden in Ghana and globally, being the primary cause of cancer-related illness and death among women. The World Health Organization has identified clinical breast examination as the gold standard for women in low and middleincome countries. However, the uptake of clinical breast examination remains low in these settings, including Ghana, where the nationwide prevalence and associated factors of this practice have not been determined. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and factors associated with clinical breast examination among women of reproductive age in Ghana, using data from 2022 Ghanaian Demographic and Health Survey.In this study, data from the most recent Ghanaian Demographic Health Survey conducted in 2022 were utilized. The survey used a two-stage stratified sampling technique, and a weighted sample of 15,013 participants was included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, and graphical representations, were utilized to present the study's findings. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with clinical breast examination.The study found that the prevalence of clinical breast examination was 18.39% (95%

    Keywords: clinical breast examination, GDHS, Reproductive age women, multilevel, Ghana

    Received: 12 Apr 2024; Accepted: 03 Dec 2024.

    Copyright: © 2024 Abebe, Semagn, Walle, Belay, Wondie, Gedefaw, Tilahun, Melaku and Dejene. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

    * Correspondence: Zenebe Abebe, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia

    Disclaimer: All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.