AUTHOR=Nishiyama Akihiro , Sato Shigeki , Sakaguchi Hiroyuki , Kotani Hiroshi , Yamashita Kaname , Ohtsubo Koushiro , Nanjo Shigeki , Yano Seiji , Mizuguchi Keishi , Ikeda Hiroko , Takeuchi Shinji 

TITLE=Challenges in the treatment of BRAF K601E-mutated lung carcinoma: a case report of rapid response and resistance to dabrafenib and trametinib

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=14

YEAR=2024

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2024.1374594

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2024.1374594

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<p>We report a case of limited effectiveness of dabrafenib and trametinib in a 59-year-old man with poorly differentiated lung carcinoma and a rare <italic>BRAF</italic> K601E mutation. The patient, unresponsive to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, received these targeted agents as second-line treatment. Despite a notable initial response, tumor regression lasted only 52 days. A subsequent liquid biopsy revealed additional alterations (<italic>BRAF</italic> amplification, <italic>KIT</italic> amplification, <italic>TP53</italic> S241F), indicating a complex resistance mechanism. This case underscores the challenges in treating <italic>BRAF</italic> K601E-mutant lung carcinoma, emphasizing the need for advanced molecular diagnostics, personalized approaches, and further research into more effective therapies for unique genetic profiles.</p>