AUTHOR=Wang Luyao , Fan Yili , Chen Boxiao , Zhang Jiawei , Yang Luyu , Qiu Xi , Jiang Huawei , Li Jinfan , Xiao Xibin , Huang Liansheng , Xu Yang TITLE=Case report: Successful treatment of a patient with relapsed/refractory primary central nervous system lymphoma with thiotepa-based induction, autologous stem cell transplantation and maintenance JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2024 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1333761 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2023.1333761 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

Despite significant improvements in prognosis, a subset of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) remains at high risk for relapse. The treatment of relapsed and refractory (R/R) PCNSL remains a major clinical challenge. Herein, we present a 24-year-old patient with PCNSL who relapsed 4 years after initial diagnosis and subsequently became refractory to high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX), temozolomide, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), ibrutinib, and lenalidomide. She received thiotepa with anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) antibody and achieved partial remission and then underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) with thiotepa-based conditioning. Post-transplant maintenance with thiotepa and anti-PD-1 at 3-month intervals resulted in a durable complete response (CR) in this case of R/R PCNSL. Our report highlights the important role of thiotepa in the treatment of patients with R/R PCNSL.