AUTHOR=Mérida-Ortega Ángel , Pérez-Saldivar María Luisa , Espinoza-Hernández Laura E. , Dorantes-Acosta Elisa M. , Torres-Nava José Refugio , Solís-Labastida Karina A. , Paredes-Aguilera Rogelio , Velázquez-Aviña Martha M. , Espinosa-Elizondo Rosa Martha , Miranda-Madrazo M. Raquel , González-Ávila Ana Itamar , Rodríguez-Villalobos Luis Rodolfo , Dosta-Herrera Juan José , Mondragón-García Javier A. , Castañeda-Echevarría Alejandro , López-Caballero M. Guadalupe , Martínez-Silva Sofía I. , Rivera-González Juan , Hernández-Pineda Norma Angélica , Flores-Botello Jesús , Pérez-Gómez Jessica Arleet , Rodríguez-Vázquez María Adriana , Torres-Valle Delfino , Olvera-Durán Jaime Ángel , Martínez-Ríos Annel , García‐Cortés Luis R. , Almeida-Hernández Carolina , Flores-Lujano Janet , Núñez-Enríquez Juan Carlos , Mata-Rocha Minerva , Rosas-Vargas Haydeé , Duarte-Rodríguez David Aldebarán , Jiménez-Morales Silvia , Mejía-Arangure Juan Manuel , López-Carrillo Lizbeth TITLE=A protective maternal nutrient concomitant intake associated with acute leukemia might be modified by sex, in children under 2 years JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1239147 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2023.1239147 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=Introduction

Maternal dietary consumption during pregnancy has been inconclusively associated with acute leukemia (AL) in infants, probably because epidemiological evidence has emerged mainly from the analysis of one-by-one nutrient, which is not a real-life scenario. Our objective was to evaluate the association between AL in Mexican children under 2 years of age and their mothers’ nutrients concomitant intake during pregnancy, as well as to explore whether there are differences between girls and boys.

Methods

We conducted a study of 110 cases of AL and 252 hospital-based controls in the Mexico City Metropolitan area from 2010 to 2019. We obtained information on maternal intake of 32 nutrients by a food frequency questionnaire and used weighted quantile sum regression to identify nutrient concomitant intakes.

Results

We found a concomitant intake of nutrients negatively associated with AL (OR 0.17; CI95% 0.03,0.88) only among girls; and we did not find a nutrient concomitant intake positively associated with AL.

Discussion

This is the first study that suggests nutrients that have been individually associated with AL are not necessarily the same in the presence of other nutrients (concomitant intake); as well as that maternal diet might reduce AL risk only in girls.