AUTHOR=Li Kehan , Liu Hejing , Lin Yibin , Gu Liang , Xiang Xinli , Zhu Xueqiong 

TITLE=Discovery of therapeutic targets of quercetin for endometrial carcinoma patients infected with COVID-19 through network pharmacology

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=13

YEAR=2023

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1151434

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2023.1151434

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Aimed to identify the anti-uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) function and characterize the mechanism of quercetin in the treatment of patients infected with COVID-19 <italic>via</italic> integrated <italic>in silico</italic> analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype Tissue Expression databases were applied to obtain differentially expressed genes of UCEC and non-tumor tissue. Several <italic>in silico</italic> methods such as network pharmacology, functional enrichment analysis, Cox regression analyses, somatic mutation analysis, immune infiltration and molecular docking were used to investigate and analysis the biological targets, functions and mechanisms of anti-UCEC/COVID-19 of quercetin. Multiple methods such as CCK8 assay, Transwell assay and western blotting were performed to test proliferation, migration, and protein level of UCEC (HEC-1 and Ishikawa) cells.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Functional analysis disclosed that quercetin against UCEC/COVID-19 mainly by ‘biological regulation’, ‘response to stimulus’, and ‘regulation of cellular process’. Then, regression analyses indicated that 9 prognostic genes (including <italic>ANPEP</italic>, <italic>OAS1</italic>, <italic>SCGB1A1</italic>, <italic>HLA</italic>‐<italic>A</italic>, <italic>NPPB</italic>, <italic>FGB</italic>, <italic>CCL2</italic>, <italic>TLR4</italic>, and <italic>SERPINE1</italic>) might play important roles in quercetin for treating UCEC/COVID-19. Molecular docking analysis revealed that the protein products of 9 prognostic genes were the important anti-UCEC/COVID-19 biological targets of quercetin. Meanwhile, the proliferation and migration of UCEC cells were inhibited by quercetin. Moreover, after treatment with quercetin, the protein level of ubiquitination-related gene <italic>ISG15</italic> was decreased in UCEC cells <italic>in vitro</italic>.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Taken together, this study provides new treatment option for UCEC patients infected with COVID-19. Quercetin may work by reducing the expression of <italic>ISG15</italic> and participating in ubiquitination-related pathways.</p></sec>