AUTHOR=Staropoli Nicoletta , Salvino Angela , Falcone Federica , Farenza Valentina , Costa Martina , Rossini Giacomo , Manti Francesco , Crispino Antonella , Riillo Caterina , Ciliberto Domenico , Arbitrio Mariamena , Tassone Pierfrancesco , Tagliaferri Pierosandro TITLE=Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib in advanced endometrial cancer: case report and systematic review of lung toxicity JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=13 YEAR=2023 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2023.1145986 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2023.1145986 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=Background

The optimal strategy for the treatment of recurrent and/or advanced endometrial cancer is still undefined. Recently, despite the lack of any predictive biomarker, the combination of pembrolizumab with lenvatinib has improved survival outcomes. We here report the long-term management of lung toxicity in a patient with endometrial cancer, and we critically review the current therapeutic options for this disease.

Results

A patient with heavily pretreated endometrial cancer took pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for 1 year, achieving a persistent partial response with a time to treatment failure of 18 months, despite relevant lung toxicity that did not affect the remarkable overall clinical benefit. A systematic review of this combination underlines the efficacy outcome despite toxicity. Interestingly, the literature review on lung toxicity suggested the role of anti-angiogenetic agents in the pathogenesis of lung cavitation, probably related to direct treatment activity, and disclosed a potential radiological sign predictive of the activity of anti-angiogenetic agents.

Conclusion

We underline the efficacy of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib in the current treatment landscape of endometrial cancer, underscoring the relevance of a correct management of toxicity.