AUTHOR=Papathanassiou Maria , Tamposis Ioannis , Exarchou-Kouveli Kalliopi K. , Kontou Panagiota I. , de Paz Anna Tzortzi , Mitrakas Lampros , Samara Maria , Bagos Pantelis G. , Tzortzis Vassilios , Vlachostergios Panagiotis J. TITLE=Immune-based treatment re-challenge in renal cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.996553 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.996553 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=Introduction

The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as a front-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has significantly improved patient’ outcome. However, little is known about the efficacy or lack thereof of immunotherapy after prior use of anti-PD1/PD-L1 or/and anti-CTLA monoclonal antibodies.

Methods

Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, were comprehensively searched from inception to July 2022. Objective response rates (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and ≥ grade 3 adverse events (AEs) were assessed in the meta-analysis, along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and publication bias.

Results

Ten studies which contained a total of 500 patients were included. The pooled ORR was 19% (95% CI: 10, 31), and PFS was 5.6 months (95% CI: 4.1, 7.8). There were ≥ grade 3 AEs noted in 25% of patients (95% CI: 14, 37).

Conclusion

This meta-analysis on different second-line ICI-containing therapies in ICI-pretreated mRCC patients supports a modest efficacy and tolerable toxicity.