AUTHOR=Nilius-Eliliwi Verena , Tembrink Marco , Gerding Wanda Maria , Lubieniecki Krzystof P. , Lubieniecka Joanna M. , Kankel Stefanie , Liehr Thomas , Mika Thomas , Dimopoulos Fotios , Döhner Konstanze , Schroers Roland , Nguyen Hoa Huu Phuc , Vangala Deepak Ben TITLE=Broad genomic workup including optical genome mapping uncovers a DDX3X: MLLT10 gene fusion in acute myeloid leukemia JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.959243 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.959243 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), treatment decisions are currently made according to the risk classification of the European LeukemiaNet (ELN), which is based on genetic alterations. Recently, optical genome mapping (OGM) as a novel method proved to yield a genome-wide and detailed cytogenetic characterization at the time of diagnosis. A young female patient suffered from a rather unexpected aggressive disease course under FLT3 targeted therapy in combination with induction chemotherapy. By applying a “next-generation diagnostic workup“ strategy with OGM and whole-exome sequencing (WES), a DDX3X: MLLT10 gene fusion could be detected, otherwise missed by routine diagnostics. Furthermore, several aspects of lineage ambiguity not shown by standard diagnostics were unraveled such as deletions of SUZ12 and ARPP21, as well as T-cell receptor recombination. In summary, the detection of this particular gene fusion DDX3X: MLLT10 in a female AML patient and the findings of lineage ambiguity are potential explanations for the aggressive course of disease. Our study demonstrates that OGM can yield novel clinically significant results, including additional information helpful in disease monitoring and disease biology.