AUTHOR=Park Sungjin David , Saunders Apryl S. , Reidy Megan A. , Bender Dawn E. , Clifton Shari , Morris Katherine T. 

TITLE=A review of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor signaling and regulation with implications for cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.932608

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.932608

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=GCSFR is a critical regulator of granulopoiesis. This systematic review will summarize the available literature examining the mechanisms that control GCSFR signaling, regulation, and surface expression with emphasis on how these mechanisms may be dysregulated in cancer. This is relevant because multiple studies have shown significant upregulation of GCSFR in a variety of cancers, and the receptor is widely expressed throughout the body in numerous cell types. Experiments with different cancer cell lines from breast cancer, bladder cancer, glioma, and neuroblastoma are used to review the biological function and underlying mechanisms of increased GCSFR expression in the frame of tumor proliferation, migration, and metastasis, primarily acting through the JAK/STAT pathway. While the same defective signal transduction pattern was observed in these cancers, the physiological response of this aberrant signal transduction is organ specific. The lifecycle of the receptor is also reviewed to support future work defining how this signaling axis becomes dysregulated in malignancies.