AUTHOR=Lu Yong , Xiao Fei , Wang Yuan , Wang Zhenyu , Liu Di , Hong Feng 

TITLE=Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Non-Cardia Gastric Cancer in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.850389

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.850389

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<p>Non-cardia gastric cancer was significantly associated with <italic>Helicobacter pylori</italic> (<italic>H. pylori</italic>) infection. Reducing <italic>H. pylori</italic> prevalence was an important prevention strategy for non-cardia gastric cancer. However, national-level data on the <italic>H. pylori</italic> prevalence in non-cardia gastric cancer were limited in China. Therefore, we conducted this study to estimate the pooled prevalence of <italic>H. pylori</italic> in non-cardia gastric cancer in China. We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wan Fang, and VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals for studies reporting <italic>H. pylori</italic> prevalence in non-cardia gastric cancer in China which were published before September 1, 2021. Pooled prevalence was calculated using a random-effect model. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity. Egger’s test and funnel plot were used to assess publication bias. A total number of 55 studies with 5324 cases of non-cardia gastric cancer were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of <italic>H. pylori</italic> in non-cardia gastric cancer in China was 66.5% (95%CI: 62%-71%, <italic>I</italic><sup>2</sup>=93.8%, <italic>P</italic>&lt;0.0001). In subgroup analysis, a significant difference in the prevalence of <italic>H. pylori</italic> in non-cardia gastric cancer was noted when stratified by geographic region of China (<italic>P</italic>=0.0112). The highest <italic>H. pylori</italic> prevalence (78.9%, 95%CI: 69.9%-87.8%) was noted in Northwest China and the lowest (53.1%, 95%CI: 38.9%-67.3%) was in North China. In meta-regression, a significant association between <italic>H. pylori</italic> prevalence and geographic region was found, while type of sample, <italic>H. pylori</italic> testing method, diagnosis period, detection timing, type of study design, quality grade, publication year, and sample size were not associated with the prevalence of <italic>H. pylori</italic> in non-cardia gastric cancer (<italic>P</italic>&gt;0.05). A large proportion of non-cardia gastric cancers were associated with <italic>H. pylori</italic> infection in China, emphasizing the possible benefits of <italic>H. pylori</italic> eradication for the prevention and control of non-cardia gastric cancer.</p>