AUTHOR=Elmas Ezgi , Saljoughian Noushin , de Souza Fernandes Pereira Marcelo , Tullius Brian P. , Sorathia Kinnari , Nakkula Robin J. , Lee Dean A. , Naeimi Kararoudi Meisam 

TITLE=CRISPR Gene Editing of Human Primary NK and T Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=12

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.834002

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.834002

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<p>Antitumor activity of immune cells such as T cells and NK cells has made them auspicious therapeutic regimens for adaptive cancer immunotherapy. Enhancing their cytotoxic effects against malignancies and overcoming their suppression in tumor microenvironment (TME) may improve their efficacy to treat cancers. Clustered, regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) genome editing has become one of the most popular tools to enhance immune cell antitumor activity. In this review we highlight applications and practicability of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and engineering strategies for cancer immunotherapy. In addition, we have reviewed several approaches to study CRISPR off-target effects.</p>