AUTHOR=Gallenga Carla Enrica , Franco Elena , Adamo Ginevra Giovanna , Violanti Sara Silvia , Tassinari Paolo , Tognon Mauro , Perri Paolo 

TITLE=Genetic Basis and Molecular Mechanisms of Uveal Melanoma Metastasis: A Focus on Prognosis

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=Volume 12 - 2022

YEAR=2022

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.828112

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.828112

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most frequently found primary intraocular tumor, although it accounts for only 5% of all melanomas. Despite novel systemic therapies, patient survival has remained poor. Indeed, almost half of UM patients develop metastases from micro-metastases which were undetectable at diagnosis. Genetic analysis is crucial for metastatic risk prediction, as well as for patient management and follow-up. Several prognostic parameters have been ex-plored, including tumor location, basal dimension and thickness, histopathologic cell type, vas-cular mimicry patterns, and infiltrating lymphocytes. Herein, the Authors review the available literature concerning cytogenetic prognostic markers and biochemical pathways correlated to UM metastasis development.