AUTHOR=Palaniandy Kamalanathan , Kamarudin Zalikha , Wong Yin Ping , Mohamed Mukari Shahizon Azura , Jiau Winnie Xiao Hui , Bakar Azizi Abu TITLE=Case report: Triple whammy: Synchronous radiotherapy induced glioblastoma multiforme and papillary thyroid cancer following nasopharyngeal carcinoma JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=12 YEAR=2022 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2022.1012395 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2022.1012395 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

Secondary malignancies following radiotherapy are well documented, with an estimated incidence of 5%. These may manifest as carcinomas, gliomas, or sarcomas within the previous radiation field. Glioblastoma multiforme following radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an uncommon occurrence and carries a poor prognosis, whereas papillary thyroid carcinoma following radiotherapy is well documented, though the exact incidence is not well documented. The occurrence of synchronous radiotherapy-induced malignancy over both sites has not been described in the literature before. We describe a middle-aged gentleman diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme and papillary thyroid carcinoma 6 years after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Though our case is the first reported case of a synchronous tumour of its nature, it is likely that such cases are under-reported. Long-term vigilance for loco-regional radiotherapy-induced secondary malignancies is a must, and the presence of a second distinct secondary malignancy must be entertained.