Previous studies have identified that colorectal cancer has different fucosylation levels compared to the normal colon. Ulex europaeus agglutinin-I (UEA-I), which specifically combines with α1-2 fucose glycan, is usually used to detect fucosylation levels. Therefore, we used confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) to investigate fluorescently labeled UEA-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) for detecting colonic cancer.
We stained frozen mouse colon tissue sections of normal, adenoma, and adenocarcinoma species with UEA-FITC to detect fucosylation levels in different groups. White light endoscopy and endocytoscopy were first used to detect the lesions. The UEA-FITC was then stained in the mice and human colon tissues
The UEA expression level in colorectal cancer was lower than that in normal intestinal epithelium. The fluorescence intensity ratio of UEA-FITC in colorectal cancer was significantly lower than that in normal tissue detected by CLE in both mice and humans. The combination of UEA-FITC and CLE presented a good diagnostic accuracy with a sensitivity of 95.6% and a specificity of 97.7% for detecting colorectal cancer. The positive and negative predictive values were 91.6% and 95.6%, respectively. Overall, 95.6% of the sites were correctly classified by CLE.
We developed a new imaging strategy to improve the diagnostic efficacy of CLE by using UEA-FITC.