AUTHOR=Soares Sílvia , Guerreiro Susana G. , Cruz-Martins Natália , Faria Isabel , Baylina Pilar , Sales Maria Goreti , Correa-Duarte Miguel A. , Fernandes Rúben TITLE=The Influence of miRNAs on Radiotherapy Treatment in Prostate Cancer – A Systematic Review JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology VOLUME=11 YEAR=2021 URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.704664 DOI=10.3389/fonc.2021.704664 ISSN=2234-943X ABSTRACT=

In the last years, extensive investigation on miRNomics have shown to have great advantages in cancer personalized medicine regarding diagnosis, treatment and even clinical outcomes. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common male cancer and about 50% of all PCa patients received radiotherapy (RT), despite some of them develop radioresistance. Here, we aim to provide an overview on the mechanisms of miRNA biogenesis and to discuss the functional impact of miRNAs on PCa under radiation response. As main findings, 23 miRNAs were already identified as being involved in genetic regulation of PCa cell response to RT. The mechanisms of radioresistance are still poorly understood, despite it has been suggested that miRNAs play an important role in cell signaling pathways. Identification of miRNAs panel can be thus considered an upcoming and potentially useful strategy in PCa diagnosis, given that radioresistance biomarkers, in both prognosis and therapy still remains a challenge.