AUTHOR=Apanovich Natalya , Apanovich Pavel , Mansorunov Danzan , Kuzevanova Anna , Matveev Vsevolod , Karpukhin Alexander 

TITLE=The Choice of Candidates in Survival Markers Based on Coordinated Gene Expression in Renal Cancer

JOURNAL=Frontiers in Oncology

VOLUME=11

YEAR=2021

URL=https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.615787

DOI=10.3389/fonc.2021.615787

ISSN=2234-943X

ABSTRACT=<p>We aimed to identify and investigate genes that are essential for the development of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and sought to shed light on the mechanisms of its progression and create prognostic markers for the disease. We used real-time PCR to study the expression of 20 genes that were preliminarily selected based on their differential expression in ccRCC, in 68 paired tumor/normal samples. Upon ccRCC progression, seven genes that showed an initial increase in expression showed decreased expression. The genes whose expression levels did not significantly change during progression were associated mainly with metabolic and inflammatory processes. The first group included <italic>CA9</italic>, <italic>NDUFA4L2</italic>, <italic>EGLN3</italic>, <italic>BHLHE41</italic>, <italic>VWF</italic>, <italic>IGFBP3</italic>, and <italic>ANGPTL4</italic>, whose expression levels were coordinately decreased during tumor progression. This expression coordination and gene function is related to the needs of tumor development at different stages. Specifically, the high correlation coefficient of <italic>EGLN3</italic> and <italic>NDUFA4L2</italic> expression may indicate the importance of the coordinated regulation of glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism. A panel of <italic>CA9</italic>, <italic>EGLN3</italic>, <italic>BHLHE41</italic>, and <italic>VWF</italic> enabled the prediction of survival for more than 3.5 years in patients with ccRCC, with a probability close to 90%. Therefore, a coordinated change in the expression of a gene group during ccRCC progression was detected, and a new panel of markers for individual survival prognosis was identified.</p>